255: Concord Grape (Vitis Labrusca) Pomace Extract and Its Impact on Dextran Sulfate Sodium (DSS)-Induced Inflammation in Ovo (Gallus Gallus)

Introduction

Grape pomace (GP) is the primary byproduct of grape juice and wine production. GP has a diverse phenolic profile and is associated with anti-inflammation. However, most GP is discarded in landfills, highlighting an opportunity to upcycle this potentially nutritious byproduct. This study aimed to describe GP’s impact on sterile intestinal inflammation in vivo to provide significant grounds for upcycling GP.

Methods

This study modified the intra-amniotic administration (in ovo) method to allow for first, an induction of sterile intestinal inflammation with dextran sulfate sodium (DSS), and second, a GP intervention to follow. 0.75% DSS and 3% GP extract were prepared to ensure compatibility with the in ovo method, then injected into the amniotic fluid of fertile broiler chicken embryos (Gallus gallus). Upon hatch, duodenal, colonic, and cecal tissue were collected to assess intestinal morphology, functionality, and microbial populations.

Results

GP extract normalized DSS-induced tight junction (CLDN1 and OCLN) dysregulation and pro-inflammatory cytokine (IL-1-beta and TNF-alpha) expression. DSS hindered both morphological development (villus surface area and goblet cell quantity and size) and microbial abundances. However, GP extract did not normalize these. Thus, GP extract demonstrated potential to repair certain DSS-induced inflammatory phenotypes. Further work is required to describe the mechanisms by which GP-derived compounds exert anti-inflammatory effects in vivo.

Significance

GP is an abundant resource with anti-inflammatory potential. Confirming GP’s bioactivity is necessary to increase consumer acceptance and, in turn, industry buy-in to upcycle GP. Industrial implementation would alleviate the environmental burden of GP, while also delivering its nutritional benefits to consumers.

Authors: Melissa Y Huang, Eliot M Dugan, Elad Tako