061: Development of Shortening Replacer From Avocado Oil and ß-Sitosterol

Introduction

Shortening, high in saturated fat, is widely used in baked goods but may contribute to obesity and cardiovascular risks. Developing healthier alternatives requires modifying liquid oils into semi-solid fats. Oleogels, with their thermoreversible properties and semi-solid state at room temperature, offer a promising solution. This study aims to prepare oleogels using avocado oil and β-sitosterol, enhance oil oxidative stability through gel structure, and evaluate their physical properties as a potential shortening substitute.

Methods

Oleogels were prepared using varying ratios of β-sitosterol and avocado oil. The study evaluated the oil-binding capacity (OBC), storage stability, and thermal stability of the oleogels at different concentrations. Additionally, measurements were conducted for unsaturation levels, peroxide value, and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS). The crystallization morphology and rheological properties of the oleogels were also observed and analyzed.

Results

Experimental results indicate that 10-15% β-sitosterol can form solid oleogels at 25°C. Among these, the 15% group demonstrated oil-binding capacity (OBC), storage stability, and thermal stability comparable to the commercial control group during a 28-day storage test, with no significant differences observed. The iodine value of the 15% group was 99.49 ± 4.28, significantly higher than the 9.65 ± 0.4 of the commercial group, indicating a much higher degree of unsaturation. Furthermore, measurements of peroxide value and TBARS revealed that the 15% oleogel exhibited a slower oxidation rate, suggesting excellent oxidative stability.

Significance

In summary, oleogels exhibit properties similar to white oil while offering enhanced oxidative stability and lower saturated fat content, highlighting their potential as a substitute for traditional white oil.

Authors: Hao-Yun Hsu, Chia-Yin Wang, Yu-Wen Ting*, James Swi-Bea Wu, Yu-Hsiang Wu &, Kuan-Chen Hsieh