401: Seeking Growth Conditions for Californian Pleurotus spp. to Adapt to the Current Climate in Guanajuato, México

Introduction

Edible mushrooms are considered functional foods. The consumption of mushrooms internationally has had an increase about 11%. Mexico produces approximately 9,000 tons per year, accounting for 59% of Latin America's total production. This research aims to know the necessary conditions for the growth of Pleurotus in Guanajuato, Mexico accounting for climate change over the last few years and using waste from agricultural crops of the region.

Methods

Pleurotus spp. was used as a basidiomycete model to achieve its regionalization-adaptation in Guanajuato, Mexico. The strain used is native from California, USA. Several conditions were assessed previously. From them, the establishment was as follows. For germination stage, the strain was growth in PDA reinforced with regional maize straw. For micellar stage, substrate used was a mixture of regional maize schymus with hydrolyzed chickpeas, subjected to alkaline digestion. Both stages were established at room temperature (2ºC minimum, 31ºC maximum) and darkness. The evaluated parameters for germination and micellar development were growth rate, color and texture, presence/absence of exudates and smell. In the production stage, the mineral (ash) content and biological efficiency will be assayed.

Results

During the in vitro germination stage, the growth rate was 1 cm/36 h, with bright white color and spongy texture, without exudates or odor. For micellar development stage, the growth rate was 0.5 L/120 h, with bright white color, spongy texture, without exudates and characteristic smell of a humid forest.

Significance

The regionalization of Pleurotus spp. in Guanajuato will bring benefits to the economy of regional producers. In addition, the employed substrates from maize represent an efficient way to use regional agricultural waste.

Authors: M.E. Sosa-Morales, J.A. Sotelo-González, J.E. Ruiz-Nieto